<p>We use cookies on our websites to deliver our online services.
Details about how we use cookies and how you may disable them are set out in our Privacy Statement.
By using this website you agree to our use of cookies.
× </p>
<p> Jump to navigation </p>
<ul>
<li>Log in</li>
<li>Sign Up</li>
</ul> Search form Search Main menu <ul>
<li>Articles<ul>
<li>Containers</li>
<li>DevOps</li>
<li>Gaming</li>
<li>Government</li>
<li>Hardware<ul>
<li>3D printing</li>
<li>Arduino</li>
<li>Raspberry Pi</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Kubernetes</li>
<li>Law<ul>
<li>Licensing</li>
<li>Patents</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Linux<ul>
<li>Command line</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>OpenStack</li>
<li>Programming<ul>
<li>Go</li>
<li>JavaScript</li>
<li>Python</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Sysadmin</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Resources<ul>
<li>What is open source?<ul>
<li>The open source way</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Projects and applications</li>
<li>Organizations</li>
<li>Cloud technology<ul>
<li>Ansible</li>
<li>Big data</li>
<li>Data science</li>
<li>Docker</li>
<li>Git</li>
<li>Internet of things</li>
<li>Java</li>
<li>Kubernetes</li>
<li>Linux containers</li>
<li>Microservices</li>
<li>OpenStack</li>
<li>Python<ul>
<li>Python GUI frameworks</li>
<li>Python IDEs</li>
<li>Python template libraries</li>
<li>Python web scrapers</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Software defined networking</li>
<li>Virtualization</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Open source alternatives<ul>
<li>Alternatives to Acrobat</li>
<li>Alternatives to AutoCAD</li>
<li>Alternatives to Dreamweaver</li>
<li>Alternatives to Gmail</li>
<li>Alternatives to MATLAB</li>
<li>Alternatives to Minecraft</li>
<li>Alternatives to Google Photos</li>
<li>Alternatives to Photoshop</li>
<li>Alternatives to Publisher</li>
<li>Alternatives to Skype</li>
<li>Alternatives to Slack</li>
<li>Alternatives to Trello</li>
<li>More...</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Linux</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Downloads<ul>
<li>Cheat sheets<ul>
<li>Ansible cheat sheet</li>
<li>Ansible k8s cheat sheet</li>
<li>AWK cheat sheet</li>
<li>Bash cheat sheet</li>
<li>Blender cheat sheet</li>
<li>C cheat sheet</li>
<li>Curl cheat sheet</li>
<li>Emacs cheat sheet</li>
<li>Firewall Cheat Sheet</li>
<li>FreeDOS cheat sheet</li>
<li>GIMP cheat sheet</li>
<li>GNOME cheat sheet</li>
<li>Groff macros cheat sheet</li>
<li>Go cheat sheet</li>
<li>i3 window manager cheat sheet</li>
<li>Inkscape Cheat Sheet</li>
<li>IRC cheat sheet</li>
<li>Java cheat sheet</li>
<li>Kubectl cheat sheet</li>
<li>Kubernetes cheat sheet</li>
<li>Linux common commands cheat sheet</li>
<li>Linux user permissions cheat sheet</li>
<li>Microservices cheat sheet</li>
<li>Networking cheat sheet</li>
<li>Pandoc cheat sheet</li>
<li>pip cheat sheet</li>
<li>Python 3.7 cheat sheet</li>
<li>Raspberry Pi cheat sheet</li>
<li>SELinux cheat sheet</li>
<li>SSH cheat sheet</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Open Source Yearbook<ul>
<li>2015</li>
<li>2016</li>
<li>2017</li>
<li>2018</li>
<li>2019 Special Edition</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Programming guides<ul>
<li>7 essential PyPI libraries</li>
<li>6 surprising ways to use Jupyter</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>DevOps guides<ul>
<li>Starting a DevOps transformation</li>
<li>Introduction to Small Scale Scrum</li>
<li>Getting started with DevSecOps</li>
<li>DevOps monitoring tools guide</li>
<li>DevOps hiring guide</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Sysadmin guides<ul>
<li>Ansible Automation for Sysadmins</li>
<li>Containers primer</li>
<li>Kubernetes for SREs and sysadmins</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>eBooks<ul>
<li>Getting started with Kubernetes</li>
<li>Inter-process communication in Linux</li>
<li>5 open source collaboration tools</li>
<li>6 open source tools for staying organized</li>
<li>7 open source desktop tools</li>
<li>Kubernetes for SREs and sysadmins</li>
<li>Raspberry Pi: How to get started</li>
<li>Running Kubernetes on your Raspberry Pi</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>About<ul>
<li>About Opensource.com<ul>
<li>Welcome to the Opensource.com community</li>
<li>Meet the team</li>
<li>Create an account</li>
<li>Rules for comments and discussions</li>
<li>Correspondent Program</li>
<li>Frequently Asked Questions</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Contribute to Opensource.com<ul>
<li>Opensource.com style guide</li>
<li>Writing topics</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Contact us</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Open Organization<ul>
<li>Get started</li>
<li>Book series<ul>
<li>Field Guide</li>
<li>Leaders Manual</li>
<li>Guide to IT Culture Change</li>
<li>Guide for Educators</li>
<li>Workbook</li>
<li>Organize for Innovation</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Resources<ul>
<li>What is an open organization?</li>
<li>How open is your organization?</li>
<li>What is an open decision?</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Log in</li>
<li>Sign Up</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Twitter</li>
<li>Facebook</li>
<li>Feed</li>
</ul> Main menu <ul>
<li>Articles<ul>BackArticles<li>Containers</li>
<li>DevOps</li>
<li>Gaming</li>
<li>Government</li>
<li>Hardware<ul>BackHardware<li>3D printing</li>
<li>Arduino</li>
<li>Raspberry Pi</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Kubernetes</li>
<li>Law</li>
<li>Linux<ul>BackLinux<li>Command line</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>OpenStack</li>
<li>Programming<ul>BackProgramming<li>Go</li>
<li>JavaScript</li>
<li>Python</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Sysadmin</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Resources<ul>BackResources<li>What is open source?</li>
<li>Projects and applications</li>
<li>Organizations</li>
<li>Cloud technology</li>
<li>Open source alternatives</li>
<li>Linux</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Downloads</li>
<li>About</li>
<li>Open Organization<ul>BackOpen Organization<li>Get started</li>
<li>Book series</li>
<li>Resources<ul>BackResources<li>What is an open organization?</li>
<li>How open is your organization?</li>
<li>What is an open decision?</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul> Privacy Policy | Opensource.com Privacy Policy <p>The Red Hat, Inc.
Privacy Statement (the “Privacy Statement”) describes how Red Hat treats personal information when you use our products and services, including information collected when you use opensource.com. .
By accessing and using opensource.com, you are accepting the practices described in the Privacy Statement, as well as the following privacy practices that are specific to opensource.com:</p>
<p>In addition to that listed in the Privacy Statement, the types of personal information we may collect include, but are not limited to:</p>
<ul>
<li>Your opensource.com username</li>
<li>Your opensource.com password</li>
<li>Other information that Red Hat collects online from you and maintains in association with your opensource.com account, such as:
<ul>
<li>Any website address you provide</li>
<li>Any biographical information you provide</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p>Red Hat gives you the ability to access, modify or update your information at any time.
You may select "My Account" at the top of the opensource.com home page to make changes to your login information (i.e., to change your password), your contact information, your general preferences and your personalization settings.
If necessary, you may also contact us at the address in the Privacy Statement and describe the changes you want made to the information you have previously provided.</p> Subscribe to our weekly newsletter
<p>
</p>
<p>Get the highlights in your inbox every week.</p>
<p>Find us: .
</p>
<ul>
<li>Twitter</li>
<li>Facebook</li>
<li>Youtube</li>
<li>Mastodon</li>
<li>RSS</li>
</ul> Footer <ul>
<li>Privacy Policy</li>
<li>Terms of Use</li>
<li>Contact</li>
<li>Meet the Team</li>
<li>Visit opensource.org</li>
</ul>
<p>For more discussion on open source and the role of the CIO in the enterprise, join us at The EnterprisersProject.com.</p>
<p>The opinions expressed on this website are those of each author, not of the author's employer or of Red Hat.</p>
<p>Opensource.com aspires to publish all content under a Creative Commons license but may not be able to do so in all cases.
You are responsible for ensuring that you have the necessary permission to reuse any work on this site.
Red Hat and the Red Hat logo are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries.</p>
<p>Copyright ©2021 Red Hat, Inc.</p>
<p>
</p> Twitter Facebook LinkedIn Reddit Email Mastodon Twitter Facebook LinkedIn Reddit Email Mastodon ✓Thanks for sharing!Facebook Twitter Email Pinterest LinkedIn Reddit WhatsApp Gmail Telegram Pocket Mix Tumblr Amazon Wish List AOL Mail Balatarin BibSonomy Bitty Browser Blinklist Blogger BlogMarks Bookmarks.fr Box.net Buffer Care2 News CiteULike Copy Link Design Float Diary.Ru Diaspora Digg Diigo Douban Draugiem DZone Evernote Facebook Messenger Fark Flipboard Folkd Google Bookmarks Google Classroom Google+ Hacker News Hatena Houzz Instapaper Kakao Kik Kindle It Known Line LiveJournal Mail.Ru Mastodon Mendeley Meneame Mixi MySpace Netvouz Odnoklassniki Outlook.com Papaly Pinboard Plurk Print PrintFriendly Protopage Bookmarks Pusha Qzone Rediff MyPage Refind Renren Sina Weibo SiteJot Skype Slashdot SMS StockTwits Svejo Symbaloo Bookmarks Threema Trello Tuenti Twiddla TypePad Post Viadeo Viber VK Wanelo WeChat WordPress Wykop XING Yahoo Mail Yoolink Yummly <i>
</i>
<i>
</i>AddToAnyFacebook Twitter Email Pinterest LinkedIn Reddit WhatsApp Gmail Email Gmail AOL Mail Outlook.com Yahoo Mail More…